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- PRESS, Page 58Confessions of a Closet Leftist
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- A veteran reporter reveals his 24-year undercover career
- By Laurence Zuckerman
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- The debate over political bias in the press is as old as
- newspapers themselves. For years right-wing critics have
- complained that the U.S. news media are a bastion of
- anti-Establishment liberalism, while left-of-centers charge that
- ownership by corporate conglomerates has turned the country's
- newspapers and TV networks into profit-hungry servants of the
- Establishment. Rarely, however, does the debate get down to
- cases. What would happen, for example, if a radical socialist
- went to work, politically incognito, for some of the nation's
- most prestigious newspapers?
-
- That is the question raised by the extraordinary confession
- of veteran reporter A. Kent MacDougall. Writing in the Monthly
- Review, an obscure socialist magazine (circ. 7,000), MacDougall
- declares that during his 24-year career as a reporter for the
- Wall Street Journal and the Los Angeles Times, he "helped
- popularize radical ideas" as a "usually covert, occasionally
- openly anti-Establishment reporter." A journalism professor at
- the University of California, Berkeley, since 1987 (he is now
- on sabbatical), MacDougall, 57, says that only the security of
- tenure finally enabled him to reveal himself as a "closet
- socialist boring unobtrusively from within (the) bourgeois
- press." His epitaph: "Eugene V. Debs may be my all-time favorite
- American and Karl Marx my all-time favorite journalist. But my
- employer for a decade was the Wall Street Journal."
-
- MacDougall was quickly singled out by conservative critics
- as living proof of the press's alleged liberal slant. "It shows
- once more how easy it is to hoodwink our media elite," wrote
- Reed Irvine, chairman of the right-wing pressure group Accuracy
- in Media (AIM). The conservative weekly Human Events said
- MacDougall's revelations will no doubt "raise concerns about the
- ability of Marxist agents to penetrate the mainstream media."
- The Wall Street Journal issued a statement expressing its
- outrage. "It is troubling," said the Journal, "that any man who
- brags of having sought to push a personal, political agenda on
- unsuspecting editors and readers should be teaching journalism
- at a respected university."
-
- MacDougall now maintains that his tongue was firmly in
- cheek when he implied in his articles that he had pursued a
- secret agenda. The point of the article, he says, was to debunk
- radical misconceptions about the daily press. "Rigid-minded
- right-wingers and rigid-minded left-wingers have a lot in
- common," he adds. "I wanted to knock down the conspiracy
- theories by pointing out that individual reporters can get
- across a lot of uncomfortable truths to the public."
-
- Whatever his motivation, MacDougall's shadowy career does
- reveal something about the limits of ideological bias in the
- mainstream media. MacDougall stresses that his beliefs merely
- influenced the types of stories he tried to pursue. "I was
- first and foremost a journalist," he says, "and I stuck to
- accepted standards of newsworthiness, accuracy and fairness."
-
- Many of his pieces, including profiles of radical
- historians and economists and lengthy series on inequality and
- deforestation, are well-reported stories that stand up to
- scrutiny nearly 20 years later. Writing in the AIM newsletter,
- author Joseph Goulden finds bias in a 1970 profile of journalist
- I.F. Stone because MacDougall neglected to say that Stone had
- been a doctrinaire Stalinist (a charge Stone dismisses as
- "absolute nonsense"). In fact, MacDougall's article does quote
- Stone as saying that he was a "Communist-anarchist" in his youth
- and had since come to describe himself as "half a liberal, half
- a radical."
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- MacDougall's former editors remember him as a cantankerous
- man whose meticulous and exhaustive reporting was worth the
- trouble. "He was a star," says William Thomas, the recently
- retired Los Angeles Times editor who recruited MacDougall as a
- special writer in the late 1970s. Michael Gartner, who edited
- MacDougall's front-page Journal stories in the 1960s, and is now
- president of NBC News, calls him an "editor's dream. He was a
- very thorough, very careful, very good reporter."
-
- Both men insist that MacDougall's stories had to pass
- through a gauntlet of editors who would have prevented him from
- pursuing any hidden agenda. "It might happen once," says Thomas,
- "but then a flag would go up." Gartner believes the presence of
- a socialist on the paper probably benefited Journal readers.
- "Diversity on the staff is something you hope for," he notes.
- MacDougall says this was exactly his point. Upset by the hostile
- response, he has produced a revised version of the MR article
- that will appear in the upcoming issue of the Columbia
- Journalism Review.
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